Python is a coding language developed by Guido van Rossum and named after Monty Python. Python has many different purposes and is relatively easy to learn and master. It closely resembles the English language making it easy to understand and decipher.
PHP is a coding language developed by Rasmus Lerdorf. PHPs main function is on web based applications. It usually is used to add functions to websites that other languages cant achieve.
JavaScript is a coding language that is primarily used on websites or web based applications to make the website able to respond to user actions. It allows the website to be interactive and do things without having to refresh or load another page.
Ruby is a coding language developed by Yukihiro Matsumoto. Ruby is mainly used for generating web pages and doing tasks related too web based applications. It is a very easy language to learn and a good one if you are beginning to code.
HTML is a coding language developed by Tim Berners-Lee. HTML is used to create documents and web pages that are shown across the internet. HTML stands for HyperTextMarkupLanguage
SQL is a domain specific coding language that is used for managing and processing data that is stored within a database.